Within the sphere of construction, the “estimating process'1 is a significant element due to the lack of financial resources available, and out of the branches of estimating, pre-tender cost estimating of road construction ...

In the history of the mankind, “knowledge” is given a higher priority in society. It has remained in this position throughout all these years, and at present rt has reached its peak. The role of knowledge in the emerging ...

Buildings are the largest energy consumers and greenhouse gas emitters, both in the developed and developing countries. Therefore, it is a dire need in the present status quo to shift to sustainable buildings. Sustainable ...

Delays in the completion of scheduled activities as per the work plan will invariably lead to delays in construction. Such delays play havoc in the construction industry especially in a sustainable environment leading to ...