T H E STUDY O F O F F I C E O R G A N I Z A T I O N I N R E L A T I O N T O T H E USER S A T I S F A C T I O N A Dissertation presented to the University of Moratuwa for the Final Examination in M.Sc. t v v Architecture and to the Royal Institute of British Architects for the R I B A (PART I I ) Examination LIBRAE? UNIVERSITY OF MORATUWA, SRI LANKA (MORATUWA -72_\ 1 6 5 - 0 \ 5 * l t D. A. K. Yapa Faculty of Architecture University of Moratuwa Sri Lanka. University of Moratuwa 76214 7 6 2 1 4 C O N T E N T S Page A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T I N T R O D U C T I O N 01 C H A P T E R O N E 1.0 HUMAN NEED AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT 06 1.1.1 Physical Needs and Built Environment 06 1.1.2 Psychological Needs and Built Environment 06 1.2 Design for Human Behaviour 07 1.2.1 What is human behaviour 08 1.2.2 Spatial behaviour 08 1.2.3 Human behaviour and culture 09 1.3 Design for Environment 10 1.3.1 Formation of an environment 11 1.3.2 Environment qualities 11 1.3.3 Humane quality 13 1.3.4 Humane quality in the environment 14 1.4 The Relationship between Behaviuor and the Environment 14 C H A P T E R T W O 2.0 THE NATURE OF OFFICE ORGANIZATION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR 17 2.1.1 The Relationship between Physical setting and Behaviour 17 2.1.2 The Relation between Activity system and Behaviour 18 2.2 The Characteristic of Linkage 19 2.3 Sociophysical Performance 21 2.4 Physical System and its Specifications 22 C H A P T E R T H R E E 3.0 FUNCTIONAL AESTHETIC AND SYMBOLIC ASPECT OF OFFICE ENVIRONMENT 25 3.1 Functional qualities in Office Design 25 3.2 Physical Design (as a sign status) 26 3.3 General status Markers in Office 27 3.3.1 Location 28 3.3.2 Size 29 3.3.3 Furnishings 29 3.3.4 Privacy 30 3.3.5 Lighting 32 3.3.6 Colour 34 3.3.7 Personalization 35 3.4 Aesthetic aspect in Office Design 36 3.5 Setting as Symbols of Power 38 C H A P T E R F O U R 4.0 EVALUATION OF OFFICE ENVIRONMENT 40 4.1 Office Environment and the user Performance 40 4.2 Specific attributes of the Sociophysical context of the Office Environment 43 4.3 Case Studies 4.3.1 Case Study One 46 4.3.2 Case Study Two 52 4.3.2 Case Study Three 60 C O N C L U S I O N 67 B I B I L I O G R A P H Y 69 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT No work is done in isolation, rather it is the result of the author's interactions with number of people. In the case of this dissertation, which includes of time, the acknowledgements date back to the moment at which the essays were produced. There are however a number of individuals whose interest and support were particularly important in the development of my work. I am indeed indebted to all of them for their valuable services and convey my respectful gratitude them. Architect Ranjith Alahakoone, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Architecture, University of Moratuwa for his advice to select the dissertation topic and further guidance and support. And I offer my sincere thank is to Dr.Samitha Manawadu with whom I have had a continuous dialogue throughout this period, for his interests, belief, and encouragement and for his critical voice always there when I need it. I am grateful to Architect Priyantha Edussuriya for his productive criticism and further guidance and supports. And also gratefully remember my parents, Kumudu ,Lakma,Roshini and Nadeeka without whose help this would not have been realized who in one way or another gave me their time and the benefit of their knowledge and encouraged me when I despaired of ever reaching my goal and afforded me hospitality and friendship throughout my odyssey. D.A.K-Yapa