L.e>/D0rl/S2/A3 AN EXAMINATION OF THE LEFTOVER SPACES IN AN URBAN CONTEXT AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE A dissertation submitted to the University of Moratuwa As a partial fulfilment of the requirements For the Degree of Master of Science in Architecture 78171 . . . _ A. V. I. C. Jayaweera u n i v e r . i t y o f M o r a t u w a Department of Architecture II II111 I III III University of Moratuwa ' Sri Lanka kjf March 2002 # 7 8 1 7 1 Tf?7 CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE - Left over s p a c e s and it's impact in an urban context 4-15 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Left over s p a c e s in a city 1.3 Neglected waterfronts a s left over s p a c e 1.4 Characteristics and impacts of neglected waterfronts 1.4.1 Physical characteristics 1.4.2 Psychological characteristics 1.4.3 Social characteristics 1.5 Causative factors for neglected waterfronts 1.6 Left over waterfronts in cities and its developments CHAPTER TWO - Waterfront development trends in cities an 16-24 their development strategies 2.1 Waterfronts in historical urban context 2 .2 Development strategies of urban waterfronts and their developments 2 .3 Water street 2 .4 Water square a s a waterfront 2 .5 Waterfront a s an open s p a c e CHAPTER THREE - U s e of urban waterfronts in Colombo city 25-35 3.1 Waterfronts in Colombo city 3 .2 Canals in the city a s urban waterfront 3 .3 Kirulapone canal a s urban waterfront 3 .4 Crow island a s urban waterfront CHAPTER FOUR - Future scenario of urban water fronts in Colombo 36-46 4.1 Analysis of the present situation 4.1.1 Kirulapone and Wallewatte canal 4 .1 .2 Crow island 4 .2 Development Potential 4.2.1 Kirulapone canal 4 .2 .2 Crow island CONCLUSION 47-46 BIBLIOGRAPHY 49-51 P a g e ii iii-iv 1-3 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study would not have been success without the guidance, kind cooperation, assistance and intellectual support of a number of authorities and individuals. It gives a great pleasure to express the authors' gratitude to those here. Professor Nimal De Silva Head of the Department of Architecture, Dr. Samitha Manawadu my tutor for his guidance, comments, and valuable criticism, who helped me much by giving pace to develop my thoughts and an approach to this study. I am extremely grateful for his help and appreciate the time and efforts extended to me to carry out the study. Archt. Wasana Wijesinghe and Archt. Damith Fernando senior lecturers to whom I am grateful for their encouragement offered at the onset of the study. Special thanks to Dr. Janake Wijesundara .Urban Development Authority for providing information .valuable criticism and advices to improve the quality of this work to a substantial degree. I am grateful to Waruni, Imali Nangi and my colleagues for their advice and encouragements. Specially to my parents, Aiya and Malli for their whole hearted support. Say no more as words can hardly express in any real measure the help they have given. ii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Page (Fig. 1) Squatter settlements - Hong Kong 6 (Fig. 2) Leftover s p a c e - abandoned canals in Britain 7 (Fig. 3) T h e lower peak forests canal near Manchester in England 8 (Fig. 4) The Lan caster canal in England 8 (Fig. 5) Waterfront is encroached by squatter settlement in Amsterdam 10 (Fig. 6) House boats are work p laces a s well a s homes in Amsterdam 10 (Fig. 7) Original plan of Gothenburg 12 (Fig. 8) Gothenburg s p a c e s 13 (Fig. 9) Proposed infill development 13 (Fig. 10) Jarntorget site 14 (Fig. 11) Proposed infill 14 (Fig. 12) Leftover s p a c e at Stenpiren 14 (Fig. 13) Proposed in fill 14 (Fig. 14) Arial sketch of proposed development 15 (Fig. 15) Gothenburg Sweden urban fabric and its waterfront 15 (Fig. 16) Grand canal in Venice 20 (Fig. 17) Amstel river in Amsterdam 20 (Fig. 18) Huge bus ines s h o u s e s - Amsterdam 21 (Fig. 1 9 - a ) Kuching waterfront development 21 (Fig. 1 9 - b ) Kuching waterfront development 21 (Fig. 20 -a) A water street - Grand canal Venice 22 (Fig. 20 -b) Water s ide work way 22 (Fig. 21) The piazza S a n Marco in Venice 23 (Fig. 22) outdoor eating s p a c e , T e x a s 24 (Fig. 23) Canal sys tem constructed by the Portuguese , Dutch and British 25 (Fig. 24) Galle face green 26 (Fig. 25) Industrial and domestic refuse - St. Sebas t ian canal 27 (Fig. 26) Low income community along St. Sebas t ian canal 27 (Fig. 27) Present condition of Beira lake 28 (Fig. 28) Existing land u s e pattern - along Wellawatte canal 29 (Fig. 29) Galle road bridge - Wallawatte canal 29 (Fig. 30) Existing high income residential and St. Peter's play ground bes ide the canal 30 (Fig. 31) St. Peter's college is not responded to the canal 30 (Fig. 32) Low income Tamil community along Kirulapone canal 31 (Fig. 33) Adjacent to the Havelock town bridge leftover land and canal u s e for g a r b a g e dumping yard. 31 (Fig. 34) Existing land u s e pattern - Crow island a r e a 32 iii (Fig. 35) Low income community encroached by the e d g e of waterfront 33 (Fig. 36) Existing housing units turn their b a c k s to the waterfront 33 (Fig. 37) Thoroughly, neglected water ways and land 37 (Fig. 38) Ij1 defined walkway 37 (Fig. 39) Built environment a c r o s s the canal - water a s a visual link between city and waterfront 39 (Fig. 40) low income housing along Kirulapone canal 4 0 (Fig. 41) Vacant land a s left over s p a c e 41 (Fig. 42) Proposed redevelopment along Wallawatte canal 41 (Fig. 43) Proposed public node 4 2 (Fig. 44) Proposed redevelopment along Kirulapone canal 4 2 (Fig. 45) Existing middle income housing and vacant land create public s q u a r e 4 3 (Fig. 46) Public open s p a c e at Kirulapone canal s ide housing 4 3 (Fig 47) Left over vacant land h a s potential to enhance the built environment a s a waterfront 4 4 (Fig. 48) Proposed redevelopment - for crow island 4 5 (Fig. 49) Proposed public s q u a r e 4 5 (Fig. 50) Conceptual layout 46 iv