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( 1959 ) Town and Square, New York; Colombian Press. xviii \ Fig: No: Description Page Chapl ter One Fig: ( 1.1) A scene from Vilpattu 02 Fig: ( 1-2) Death in the Vanni; Drought hit the Mavillu tank 04 Fig: ( 1.3) Location of first civilisations 04 Fig: ( 1.4) Scene on the river Kelani 05 Fig: ( 1.5) Scene on the river Kelani 05 Fig: ( 1.6a) Inside the harbour -Colombo 06 Fig: ( 1.6b) View of the river Ganges in India 06 Fig: ( 1.7) The Dutch port, Jaffna 07 Fig: ( 1.8) Falling waters, engage our senses 08 Fig: ( 1.9) Reflective waters stirs the heart 08 Fig: ( 1.10a) Reflective water with architecture 09 Fig: ( 1.10b) Reflective water with architecture 09 Fig: ( 1.11) Water garden Sigiriya 09 Fig: ( 1.12) A painting of Leanado da vinchi 10 Fig: ( 1.13) Villus of Vilpattu 10 Fig: ( i.14a) Physical purification of waters 11 Fig: (] 1.14b) Spiritual dependence on waters 11 Fig: (] 1.15) A view of the Scutari on the Arabia-Yugoslavia border 11 Fig: (1 1.16) Contemplative waters 12 Fig: (1 L.17a) Entertaining with water 13 Fig: (1 1.17b) Entertaining in water 13 > Fig. (1.18a) Boating along rivers 13 Fig- (1.18b). Boating along rivers 13 Fig. (1.19) Water in the dynamic forms 14 Fig: (1.20a) The silence of still waters 14 Fig: (1.20b) The silence of still waters 14 Fig: (1.21) Lakes and pools are of still waters 15 Fig: (1.22) Early settlements in Anuradhapura 16 Fig: (1.23) Rivers often segregate ideals, lifestyles or economic classes and domain. 17 Fig: (1.24a) Plan of the city of Rome Italy 17 Fig: (1.24b) Plan of Paris, France 17 Fig: (1.25) A view of the Grand Canal 18 Fig: (1.26a) Plan of Venice, Italy 18 Fig: (1.26 b) Plan of Amsterdam, The Netherlands 18 Fig: (1.27) Infinite waters magnifies the finite limits 19 Fig: (1.28) Rhythmic waves crashing on the beaches 20 Fig: (1.29) A typical section through a water-space. 22 Fig: (1.30) water in a rural setting 24 Fig: (1.31) A typical section through a rural setting 24 Fig: (1.32) A view of Hong Kong 25 Fig: (1.33) A typical section through an urban setting 26 Chapter Two Fig: (2.1) The piazza St Marco, Venice: Plan 33 Fig: (2.2) Waterbody as a strong defining element 34 Fig: (2.3) Le Corbusier's St. Die Centre 34 XX Fig: (2.4) A waterbody as an anti-space 34 Fig: (2.5) Highways as visual and physical barriers 36 Fig: (2.6) Buildings are monuments in a park 37 Fig: (2.7) A typical section through a backwater 39 Fig: (2.8) Lower Peak Forests canal Manchester 39 Fig: (2.9) The Hudderersfeild Narrow Canal 40 Fig: (2.10a) Ryder's Green Locks 41 Fig: (2.10b) the Lanchester canal in England 41 Chapter Three Fig: (3.1) A map of the city of Colombo showing the Location of the Beira lake 46 Fig: (3.2) A view from the Beira lake 47 Fig: (3.3) A view from the Beira Lake 48 Fig: (3.4) A view of the Beira Lake 48 Fig: (3.6) A View from the Beira Lake 49 Fig (3.7) Land use map around the Beira Lake 50 Fig: (3.8) A view from the Beira lake 50 Fig: (3.9) A map shows the canal network of Colombo 51 Fig: (3.10) A Plan showing Boston Harbourfront 53 Fig: (3.11) The neglected space along Boston Harbourfront 54 Fig: (3.12) The pattern of the Boston's future 54 Fig (3.13) The original plan of Goteborg Sweden 55 Fig: (3.14) A diagrammatic plan of Lilla Bommen 56 Fig: (3.15) Ariel view of the Jarntorget 57 Fig: (3.16) A diagrammatic plan of Jarntorget 58 xxi Fig: (3.17) Babylon. General plan of Nebuchadnezzar's city 61 Fig- (3.18) The plan of Miletus 470B.C. 63 Fig: (3.19) Map of the town of Kandy 65 Fig: (3.20a) Public space around the Kandy Lake 66 Fig: (3.20b) Public space around the Kandy Lake 66 Fig: (3.21) A view of the lake 67 Fig: (3.22) Venice, the location of the city islands in the lagoon 68 Fig: (3.23) Venice; a historical map 68 Fig: (3.24) Venice, general plan 68 Fig: (3.25) the Grand Canal: Venice 69 Fig: (3.26) A part plan of Venice 69 Fig: (3.27) The Bridge of Sighs in Venice 69 Fig: (3.28) Grand Canal at the railway station 70 Fig: (3.29) A view from the Grand Canal 70 Fig: (3.30) The Grand Canal's significance buildings 71 Fig: (3.31a) Above: Palazzo Corner Delia Regina and palazzo Persano 71 Fig: (3.31b) Below Ca'd Oro, Venice 71 Fig: (3.32) San Marco, Venice 72 Fig: (3.33) Amsterdam in 1240 The original settlement 73 Fig: (3.34) Amsterdam in the beginning of the 19 t h century 73 Fig: (3.35) linking the network through small transverse canals74 Fig: (3.36) Huge business houses located along The Amsterdam waterfront 74 Fig: (3.37) Quiet shady bridges lined with trees link the 74 Water-space with the spaces of the city xxii Fig (3 .38) The network of canal and bridges linking the different parts of the city Fig: (3 .39) A view along the Amsterdam waterfront Fig: (3 .40) Paris from 1180 - 1223 Fig: (3 .41) Part plan of the river Serine Fig: (3 •42) Paris; the network of connections Fig: (3 .43) Plan of Boston harbourfront Fig: (3 .44) Part plan Boston Fig: (3 45) Proposed in-fill development; Lilla Bommen Fig: (3 46) Proposed in-fill development; Jarntorget Fig: (3 47) Proposed in-fill development; Kungspotrsplatsen Fig: (3 48) Proposed in-fill development; Stenpiren Chapter Four Fig: (4 1 ) A building interior as an architectural space Fig: (4 2) A square as an architectural space Fig: (4 3) Physical order along waterways Fig: (4 4) Unity along waterways Fig: (4 5) Church of Salute, Venice Fig: (4 6) Church of Salute, Venice Fig: (4 7) Rhythm of Amsterdam lives Fig: (4 8) A view along a canal in Venice Fig: (4. 9) Small restaurants along Amsterdam waterfront Fig: (4. 10) St. Marco Venice Fig: (4. 11a) Diagram of an inaccessible entity Fig: (4. l ib ) Diagram of an accessible entity xxiii Fig: (4.12a) Boston harbourfront as a Backwater 101 Fig: (4.12b) Boston redevelopment 101 Fig: (4.13) A diagram of public access to the waterfront 103 Fig: (4.14) spatial relationships of a place 104 Fig: (4.15a) Physical links direct and strong 104 Fig: (4.15b) Physical links indirect and weak 104 Fig: (4.16) Functional relationships of a place 105 Fig: (4.17a) View of St. Marco Venice 105 Fig: (4.17b) View of St. Marco Venice 105 Fig: (4.18) Spatial transition of a living entity 107 Fig: (4.19) Square/piazza of a house 110 Fig: (4.20) Square/piazza of a city 110 Fig: (4.21) St. Marks Venice 111 Fig: (4.22) Centrality of activities 111 Fig: (4.23) Square as a dominant physical features 112 Fig: (4.24) Linked square 112 Fig: (4.25) Piazza Del Canpidoglio, Rome 112 Fig: (4.26) St.Peters Rome 113 Fig: (4.27) Independence square, Colombo 113 Fig: (4.28) Water-Space as a Water-Square 114 Fig: (4.29) Plan showing activity pattern 115 Fig: (4.30) A conceptual section through the water-square 115 Fig: (4.31) conceptual plan of a water-square 116 Fig: (4.32) A conceptual section through the water-square 116 xxiv Fig: (4.33) A conceptual physical form of a water-square 117 Fig: (4.34) A pedestrian street 118 Fig: (4.35a) A street as an arena for interaction 119 Fig: (4.35b) A street as a site for ritual observations 119 Fig: (4.36) Path and the place on a street 120 Fig: (4.37) Unity on a street 120 Fig: (4.38) Rhythm on a street 120 Fig: (4.39) Typical plan through a water-street 121 Fig: (4.40) Typical section through a water-street 121 Fig: (4.41a) Activities along the water-street 122 Fig: (4.41b) Activities along the water-street 122 Fig: (4.42) A conceptual plan layout of a water-street 123 X X V